News Service from House Harris

MID: Iran tests missile with range that can hit Israel

TEHRAN, Iran, May 20 AP - Iran test-fired a missile capable of striking Israel, US mideast bases and Europe on Wednesday - a show of strength touted by President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad as he battles for re-election next month against more moderate opponents.

The US responded by saying Iran must choose between destabilising the Middle East or accepting the dialogue offered by President Barack Obama. The US leader threatened earlier this week that Iran could face further international sanctions if it does not respond positively by year-end to US attempts to open negotiations on its nuclear program.

Israel said the test appeared to be Iran's response to a positive meeting on Monday between Obama and new Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

US Defence Secretary Robert Gates confirmed the launch and Pentagon spokesman Bryan Whitman said in Washington that Iran is at a crossroads and must choose its course.

"They can either continue on this path of continued destabilisation in the region or they can decide that they want to pursue relationships with the countries in the region and the United States that are more normalised," said Whitman. "Our concerns are obviously based on nuclear ambitions and the implications that long- and medium-range missiles have with respect to that."

Alex Vatanka, a senior Middle East analyst at Jane's Information Group, said the test "does not change the strategic equation" in the region because Iran has had the ballistic missile capability to hit Israel and much of the Middle East for more than a decade with its Shahab missiles.

It was likely intended to send a message to the Obama administration that Iran cannot be bullied into talks, said Vatanka, especially after the Iranians feel they made a favourable gesture last week by releasing Roxana Saberi, a 32-year-old Iranian-American journalist who Tehran first convicted of spying and sentenced to prison but then freed on appeal.

"Deadlines are a non-starter for the hard-liners in Iran. They are going to lose face," said Vatanka.

He said the launch was a gift to Ahmadinejad from hard-liners in the military who hoped it would boost the president's popularity among voters in the June 12 election by showing the country's strength.

Iran says its missile program is merely for defence and its space program is for scientific and surveillance purposes. It maintains that its nuclear program is for civilian energy uses only.

Tehran said the two-stage solid-fuel Sajjil-2 surface-to-surface missile has a range of about 1,200 1,930km. It is a new version of the Sajjil missile, which the country said it successfully tested late last year and has a similar range.

Many analysts said the launch of the solid-fuel Sajjil was significant because such missiles are more accurate than liquid fuel missiles of similar range, such as Iran's Shahab-3.

"Defence Minister (Mostafa Mohammad Najjar) has informed me that the Sajjil-2 missile, which has very advanced technology, was launched from Semnan and it landed precisely on the target," state radio quoted Ahmadinejad as saying. He did not name any targets for the missile when he spoke during a visit to the city of Semnan, 200km east of the capital Tehran, where Iran's space program is centred.

Italy said its foreign minister, Franco Frattini, cancelled a planned trip to Iran on Wednesday because Ahmadinejad wanted to meet in Semnan rather than in Tehran.

Najjar said the Sajjil-2 differs from the Sajjil missile because it "is equipped with a new navigation system as well as precise and sophisticated sensors", according to Iran's official news agency.

Gates said the missile that was tested has a range roughly between 1,200 miles 1,930km and 2,414km, although he speculated that because of chronic engine troubles, it was likely toward the lower end of that scale. He couldn't say whether the Sajjil-2 missile hit its intended target.

Sajjil means "baked clay." It is a reference to a story in the Quran, Islam's holy book, in which birds sent by God drive off an enemy army attacking the holy city of Mecca by pelting them with stones of baked clay.

After Wednesday's test, US Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton warned that if Iran managed to produce nuclear weapons, it would "spark an arms race" in the Middle East.

Iran's nuclear and missile programs have alarmed Israel. Prime Minister Netanyahu pressed Obama to step up pressure on Tehran when the two met in Washington on Monday.

Israel's deputy foreign minister, Danny Ayalon, said Wednesday's missile launch was likely Iran's response to the "very positive meeting" between the two leaders. He said the test meant that parts of Europe were now in range and solid fuel reduced launch preparation time.

"If anyone had any doubts that the Iranians were playing with fire, today is proof," said Ayalon.

Moshe Arens, a former Israeli defence minister who trained in the US as an aerospace engineer, said Wednesday's test was apparently part of Iran's quest to develop longer-range rockets that "eventually will carry nuclear weapons."

"They're troublemakers and you have to deal with troublemakers," said Arens.

Ahmadinejad has repeatedly called for Israel's elimination, and the Jewish state has not ruled out a military strike to deal with the Iranian nuclear threat. The Israeli government has been sceptical of US overtures to Iran, which have received a mixed response from Ahmadinejad.

Many Western experts have expressed skepticism about Iran's professed military achievements, saying the country provides no transparency to verify its claims. Most believe Iran does not yet have the technology to produce nuclear weapons, including warheads for long-range missiles.

The US released an intelligence report about 18 months ago that said Iran abandoned a secret nuclear weapons program in 2003 under international pressure and had not restarted it.

Israel and several other countries have disputed the finding. But many in the West at least agree that Iran is seeking to develop the capability to develop weapons at some point. A group of US and Russian scientists said in a report issued Tuesday that Iran could produce a simple nuclear device in one to three years and a nuclear warhead in another five years after that.

The study published by the nonpartisan EastWest Institute also said Iran is making advances in rocket technology and could develop a ballistic missile capable of firing a 998kg nuclear warhead up to 1,930km "in perhaps six to eight years".

After the testing of the Sajjil in November, a senior US military official said Washington believed Iran was testing the first stage of what would be a two-stage rocket. Multiple stages allow long-range missiles to use less fuel.

The launch came just weeks before the vote that could influence Iran's response to the US outreach. Two of the three candidates approved by Iran's constitutional watchdog to run in the June election are reformists who favour improving ties with the West.

The hard-line president has been criticised by his opponents and others for antagonising the US and mismanaging the country's faltering economy. On Wednesday, the constitutional watchdog approved three candidates to challenge Ahmadinejad, setting up a showdown between reformists and hard-liners.